Brazil accounts for nearly 25% of global sugar production and is the world`s largest producer of sugar cane. What are the geographical requirements for sugar cane cultivation? Name the two largest sugarcane producing states. (iv) The main sugarcane-producing States in northern India are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana. More recently, sugar cane has also been used to produce biofuel, which serves as a substitute for petroleum-based fuel and related products. The main use of sugar cane is the processing of sugar, which is then used to produce an infinite number of products. In India, sugar cane is used to make sugar, jaggery and alcoholic beverages. High temperatures throughout the growing season, with average monthly temperatures not dropping much below 21°C. Sugarcane grows best in warm, sunny and frost-free areas. It requires a tropical or subtropical climate with at least 600 mm of annual humidity. Sugarcane pulp can also be left aside in the sun to produce a fertilizer that serves as food for other plants and flowers.
the official classification of sugar cane is Saccharum officinarum. It has also been introduced to Africa (especially Netal in South Africa), Australia, Hawaii and Fiji. Today, sugar cane is grown in most tropical countries. Sugarcane is one of the different species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum, tribe Andropogoneae and belongs to the family of grasses called Poaceae. About 80% of the world`s sugar is made from sugar cane, while the remaining 20% is made from sugar beets, which are grown mainly in temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. Sugarcane grows on almost all soil classes, but it needs fertile, well-drained soil The optimal soil pH is about 6.5, but sugarcane can tolerate a significant degree of soil acidity and alkalinity. Sugarcane consists of six types of perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum L, in the tribe Andropogoneae. Sugar cane responds to a long period of sunshine of about 12 to 14 hours. Sugar cane is used for sugar production, as a raw material in the human food industry, as fertilizer and as animal feed, Brazil uses sugar cane to produce sugar and ethanol for gasoline-ethanol blends, a locally popular transportation fuel. Sugarcane is native to tropical South and Southeast Asia The type of sugar produced by sugar cane is called sucrose.
Sugar cane is the largest crop in the world in terms of production volume. Sugar is produced in 120 countries. World production now exceeds 165 million tons per year. The countries that produce the largest amount of sugar cane are Brazil, India, China, Mexico, Thailand and Pakistan Sugar cane has been cultivated since ancient times and was one of the first cash crops of early colonial America 1) It requires a temperature between 20 ° C and 24 ° C. Dry winter is ideal during ripening and harvesting. ix. Sugar cane depletes soil fertility. Therefore, the continued use of manure and chemical fertilizers is essential. iv. The bright sun after the rain increases the juice content of sugar cane. Based on prevailing climatic conditions and existing soil types and irrigation resources: management of sugarcane soils with underground hard shells xi. At harvest time, cheap and adequate transportation is required to immediately transport the cut sugar cane to the sugar mills.
Wet soils 100-150 cm deep with good drainage are most suitable. Sugar helps preserve jams, cereals, cakes, sweets, cookies and drinks. The tender, wet cakes and crunchy golden brown essence of the cookies are due to the presence of sugar in them II. Sugar cane, a tropical plant, needs a hot and humid climate. Use of varieties adapted to saline soils x. Cheap and abundant labor is needed because most of the work such as sowing, hoeing, weeding, watering, cutting and transporting sugar cane to the factories is done manually. (ii) It requires an annual rainfall of between 75 and 100 cm. vii. Sugarcane needs a long frost-free growing season. Cool weather is good at the time of ripening. He needs a dry period before harvest.
Hot, dry winds are very harmful. v. Average annual rainfall is expected to be between 100 cm and 150 cm. It is common in tropical and subtropical countries around the world. Waterlogged soils that do not have drainage are not suitable. Sugarcane grows well in alluvial soils and light clay soils. Wet clay clay with good drainage is the best soil for sugar cane. Since the harvest is valuable, large amounts of fertilizer are used to increase yield. Growing sugar cane also requires sufficient capital and manpower.
iii. The average temperature during the growing season should be approximately 20°C to 30°C. Abundant moisture (precipitation) – sugarcane grows best where annual rainfall is between 1100 mm and 1500 mm. The plant is believed to have originated in East Asia and was introduced to the Middle East and Southern Europe through Arab trade in the Middle Ages. The Portuguese recognized the gains of sugar cultivation and introduced it to their colonies of Maderia and the Canary Islands, and later to Brazil in the 16th century. From Brazil, it spread to the West Indies and Caribbean countries. Sugarcane yields and sugar recovery according to the state climate Several different horticultural varieties are known, which differ in the color and length of their stem. Sugarcane needs a long growing season of about 10 months. Sucrose is used as a sweetener for food and in the production of cakes, sweets, canned goods, soft drinks, alcohol and many other foods. vi. Sugarcane grows well in irrigated soils with abundant sunlight. High humidity (80-85%) favors the rapid prolongation of sugarcane during the main growing season Sugarcane is a tropical plant, so it takes a year of warm weather to reach maturity.
Areas with a temperature of 20° to 26°C and an average rainfall of 150 cm are suitable for cultivation. It can grow well where the temperature ranges from 20 to 350 ° C. It adds flavor, texture and color to baked goods and provides energy to the yeast used in baking bread. Geographical conditions for the cultivation of sugar cane! VIII. Sugarcane can grow on a variety of soils that can retain moisture, but deep, well-drained and rich clay soils are ideal for its growth.